What Is A Screw Machine?

A Screw Machine is a metalworking machine that is used in the high volume manufacture of turned components. In operation, a Screw Machine is quiet similar to a Lathe. Essentially a screw machine is an automated turret lathe and has been replaced by CNC Lathes to some extent. But, for high volume production of turned components no other machine is as cost efficient as a Screw Machine. In the hierarchy of manufacturing machines, screw machines sit at the top as far as large volume of product is needed. An Engine Lathe sits at the bottom, taking the least amount of time for setting-up but the most amount of skilled labor and time for actually producing a part. A turret lathe has been traditionally placed one step above a Lathe, needing greater set-up time but being able to produce a higher volume of products and also mostly requiring a lower skilled operator once the set-up process is over. Screw Machines may require an extensive set-up but once they are running, a single operator can monitor the operation of many machines.

Learning About the Design Of Screw Machines -

A Screw Machine can have a single spindle but in contrast to a lathe, a screw machines may also have multiple spindles. Each spindle includes a bar of material that is being machined at the same time. The most common configuration is six spindles. The cage that will hold these six bars of material indexes after each machining operation is complete. The indexing is a reminiscent of a Gatling Gun. It is possible for each station to may have multiple tools that cut the material in sequence. These tools have very similar functions to that of a turret lathe. By way of example, a bar of material is fed forward into and through the spindle. The face of the bar is machined called the facing operation. The outside of the bar is machined to shape in the turning operation. The bar is then drilled called the boring operation and finally, the part is cut off known as the parting operation. The Screw Machines are mechanically driven and the position of the cutting tool must be determined by the shape of a cam which rotates in step with the machine, but at a slower speed.

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